Chapter 18
Reproduction
Encircle the most appropriate answer among the following options
1. What is/are basis for asexual reproduction?
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
- Sex hormones
- All (A), (B) and (C)
2. What is advantage of asexual reproduction?
- Organisms increases rapidly
- Organisms are morphologically alike
- Organisms are genetically alike
- All (A), (B) and (C)
3. What is advantage of sexual reproduction?
- Genetically varied individuals are born
- Chances of survival increases
- Chances of evolution increases
- All (A), (B) and (C)
4. Natural methods of asexual reproduction in plants is/are choose which one is correct:
- Spores
- Vegetative propagation
- Apomixis
- All (A), (B) and (C)
5. Artificial methods of asexual reproduction in plants is/are choose which one is correct:
- Cuttings
- Tissues culture
- Both (A) and (B)
- Alternation of generation
6. A single mushroom may produce how many spores per minute at the peak of its reproduction?
- 500,000
- 50,000
- 80,000
- 200,000
7. Perennating organs are associated with which type of asexual reproduction?
- Sporulation
- Apomixis
- Vegetative propagation
- Cutting
8. In apomixis, an embryo is created from a diploid cell in the choose which one is correct:
- Pollen tube
- Leaf
- Ovule
- All of the choices are correct
9. Asexual reproduction differs from sexual reproduction in that it does not require choose which one is correct:
- 1 parent
- 2 parent
- Spores
- Vegetative parts
10. Asexual reproduction does not introduce choose which one is correct:
- Variation
- Similarity between parents and offsprings
- Same chromosomal number in offsprings
- All of the choices are incorrect
11. Which of the following statements is true of clones?
- Clones show variation
- Clones have DNA identical to parent
- Clones are formed by meiotic division
- All the choices are incorrect
12. Vegetative propagation does not involve choose which one is correct:
- Root parts
- Stem parts
- Leaf parts
- Flower parts
13. The mass of dividing undifferentiated cells of the cut end of the shoot is called choose which one is correct:
- Callus
- Periblem
- Dermatogen
- Pericycle
14. One of the following is not a method of asexual reproduction choose which one is correct:
- Sporulation
- Gametogenesis
- Apomixis
- Parthenogenesis
15. Tissue culture is a technique used to produce a large number of plants quickly which are all choose which one is correct:
- Variable
- Unicellular
- Identical
- All (A), (B) and (C)
16. Which of the following disadvantages applies to tissue culture?
- Clone may be genetically unstable
- Clone may be infertile
- Clone karyotype may be altered
- All of the choices are correct
17. A flagellated motile sperm fertilizing a non-motile egg, is called choose which one is correct:
- Isogamy
- Anisogamy
- Oogamy
- All of the choices are correct
18. A type of syngamy in which both fusing gametes are flagellated but different in size are known as choose which one is correct:
- Isogamy
- Anisogamy
- Oogamy
- All of the choices are correct
19. A type of sygnamy in which both fusing gametes are flagellated and same in size are known as choose which one is correct:
- Isogamy
- Ansogamy
- Oogamy
- All of the choices are correct
20. In gymnosperms the main plant is diploid and choose which one is correct:
- Hompsporous
- Heterosporous
- Microsporous
- Megasporous
21. In gymnosperms female gametophyte consists of choose which one is correct:
- Pollen tube
- Microspore
- 2 to 5 archegonia
- Both (B) and (C)
22. In gymnosperms male gametophyte develops from choose which one is correct:
- Microspore
- Megaspore
- Embryo sac
- Synergids
23. In gymnosperms male gametophyte consists of choose which one is correct:
- Archegonia
- Megaspore mother cell
- Pollen tube
- Ovule
24. In angiosperms what gives rise to seed after fertilization.
- Microsporangium
- Pollen tube
- Mega sporangium
- None of these
25. In gymnosperms and angiosperms, the egg is produced in a female structure called choose which one is correct:
- A seed
- stamen
- An ovule
- A pollen grain
26. If someone gives you a plant and tells you that it is an angiosperm, you know that during its life cycle it will produce choose which one is correct:
- Swimming sperm
- A prothallus
- Flowers
- Cones
27. The transfer of pollen grains to the female part of the plant is called choose which one is correct:
- Germination
- Reproduction
- Pollination
- Fertilization
28. The production of new plants from underground stems is an example of choose which one is correct:
- Sexual reproduction
- Asexual reproduction
- Zygote
- None of the above
29. Which one of the following is the male reproductive part of a flower?
- Stamen
- Sepal
- Petal
- Pistils
30. In seed plants, sperm travel down through what to reach the egg?
- Stigma tube
- Ovule tube
- Pollen tube
- Stamen tube
31. A carpel is a leaf which has been modified to produce choose which one is correct:
- Microsporania
- 2 male gametes
- Pollen grains
- Ovules
32. The stamens are leaves modified for the production of choose which one is correct:
- Microspores
- Megaspores
- Ovules
- Seed
33. The sepals and petals are choose which one is correct:
- Reproductive parts of flower
- Non-reproductive parts of flower
- Parts of gametophyte
- Both (A) and (B)
34. The ovule contains choose which one is correct:
- Microsporangium
- Male gametophyte
- Embryo sac
- All (A), (B) and (C)
35. The unisexual flowers are called choose which one is correct:
- Staminate
- Carpellate
- Both (A) and (B)
- Monoecious
36. If staminate and carpellate flowers are present on same plant it is termed as choose which one is correct:
- Monoecious
- Dioecious
- Unisexual
- None of the above
37. Date palms are choose which one is correct:
- Dioecious
- Monoecious
- Neuter
- Biexual
38. In angiosperms, double fertilization produces two distinct portions of the seed. The endosperm portion’s role is to choose which one is correct:
- Develop into the embryo
- Nourish the embryo
- Develop into the mature sperm
- Serve s a reservoir for extra DNA
39. Each of the following is a part of a seed except the choose which one is correct:
- Embryo
- Endosperm
- Seed-coat
- Gametophyte
40. The mature female gametophyte of an angiosperm is choose which one is correct:
- The archegonium and its egg cell
- The ovule inside the ovary
- The carpel after pollination
- An embryo sac with 8 nuclei and 7 cells
41. Which part ultimately matures into a fruit?
- Integument
- Ovary
- Archegonium
- Ovule
42. Which of the following is part of the third whorl of flower?
- Calyx
- Corolla
- Petal
- Stamen
43. Which of the following is formed in the double fertilization and becomes an endosperm?
- Synergid cells
- Antipodal cells
- Primary endosperm nucleus
- Triploid (3n) nucleus
44. A pollen grain is choose which one is correct:
- Immature male gametophyte
- Spore
- Fruiting body
- Mature male gametophyte
45. In planst, spores are formed by 1, whereas gametes are formed by 2 choose which one is correct:
- 1-meiosis, 2-mitosis
- 1-fission, 2-fusion
- 1-meiosis, 2-meiosis
- 1-mitosis, 2-mitosis
46. From life cycle point of view the most important part of a plant is choose which one is correct:
- Flower
- Leaf
- Stem
- Root
47. The main embryo develops from the structure formed as a result of fusion of choose which one is correct:
- 2 polar nuclei of embryo sac
- Definitive nucleus and male gamete
- Egg cell and male gamete
- Male gamete and synergids
48. The fertilization occurs in choose which one is correct:
- Ovary
- Ovule
- Embryo sac
- Nucellus
49. The part of embryo just below the cotyledons that terminates into radicle is called choose which one is correct:
- Epicotyl
- Hypocotyl
- Plumule
- None of these
50. The part of embryo just above the cotyledons that terminates into plumule is called choose which one is correct:
- Epicotyl
- Hypocotyl
- Radicle
- Coleorhiza
51. A protective sheath surrounding the plumule is choose which one is correct:
- Coleoptile
- Coleorhiza
- Cotyledon
- Scutellum
52. A protective sheath surrounding the radicle is choose which one is correct:
- Coleoptile
- Coleorhiza
- Cotyledon
- Scutellum
53. Single large shield shaped cotyledon of monocot seed is called choose which one is correct:
- Coleoptile
- Coleorhiza
- Cotyledon
- Scutellum
54. It is defined as a cluster of flowers, arising from the main stem axis or peduncle choose which one is correct:
- Inflorescence
- Phosphorescence
- Luminescence
- Senescence
55. Which type of inflorescence is shown in the following diagram?
- Corymb
- Umbel
- Raceme
- Spike
56. In which type of inflorescence flowers develop into aeropetal succession.
- Racemose
- Cymose
- Dichasial cyme
- Scorpioid cyme
57. In which type of inflorescence flowers are covered by large bracts called spathes choose which one is correct:
- Racemose
- Cymose
- Capitulum
- Spikelet
58. The type of recemose inflorescence with a short axis and multiple floral pedicels of equal length that appear to arise from a common point is called choose which one is correct:
- Corymb
- Umbel
- Raceme
- Spike
59. A type of uniparous cyme in which succeeding branches are produced on same side is termed as choose which one is correct:
- Helicoid cyme
- Scorpioid cyme
- Dichasial cyme
- None of these
60. A type of uniparous cyme in which succeeding branches are produced on alternate sides is termed as choose which one is correct:
- Helicoid cyme
- Scorpioid cyme
- Dichasial cyme
- None of these
61. It is type of recemose inflorescence that is flat-topped or convex because the outer pedicels are progressively longer than the inner ones.
- Corymb
- Capitulum
- Spadix
- Spike
62. What is required?
- Water
- Suitable temperature
- Both (A) and (B)
- None of these
63. The process in which fruit develops without fertilization is called choose which one is correct:
- Parthenogenesis
- Prthenocarpy
- Viviparous germination
- Apomixis
64. The pollen grain consists of choose which one is correct:
- Exine part
- Intine part
- Tube nucleus and generative nucleus
- All (A), (B) and (C)
65. Hypogeal germination takes place due to rapid growth of choose which one is correct:
- Epicotyl
- Hypocotyl
- Cotyledon
- All (A), (B) and (C)
66. Epigeal germination takes place due to rapid growth of choose which one is correct:
- Epicotyl
- Hypocotyl
- Cotyledon
- All (A), (B) and (C)
67. A special type of reproduction in which seed starts germinating inside fruit is choose which one is correct:
- Epigeal germination
- Hypogeal germination
- Viviparous germination
- All choices are correct
68. The first organ to emerge from the germinating seed is choose which one is correct:
- Radicle
- Plumule
- Cotyledon
- Epicotyl
69. Promotion of flowering by cold treatment given to imbibed seeds or young plants is known as choose which one is correct:
- Parthenocarpy
- Parthenogenesis
- Apomixis
- Vernalization
70. Spinach is choose which one is correct:
- Long day plant
- Short day plant
- Day neutral plant
- None of these
71. Phytochrome exists in two forms i.e., P660 and choose which one is correct:
- P307
- P370
- P703
- P730
72. Phytochrome comprises a pigment and a choose which one is correct:
- Lipid
- Carbohydrate
- Mineral
- Protein
73. It has been found that red light promotes flowering in choose which one is correct:
- Long day plants
- Short day plants
- Neutral day plants
- None of these
74. The hormone florigen is produced in choose which one is correct:
- Leaves
- Flower
- Stem
- Roots
75. A form of asexual reproduction in which new individual grows out as a small out growth and eventually separates from parent body is called choose which one is correct:
- Forming a spore
- Budding
- Regeneration
- Fission
76. Reproduction of egg without fertilization by sperm is termed as choose which one is correct:
- Parthenogenesis
- Parthenocarpy
- Regeneration
- Budding
77. The technique of producing a genetically identical copy of an organism by replacing the nucleus of an unfertilized ovum with the nucleus of a body cell from the organism is choose which one is correct:
- Budding
- Cloning
- Parthenocarpy
- Fission
78. Fraternal twins choose which one is correct:
- Can be only two boys
- Can be only two girls
- Cannot be one boy and one girl
- Can be one boy and one girl
79. Sexual reproduction is important to avoid choose which one is correct:
- Variation
- Chances of survival
- Genetic monotony
- All (A), (B) and (C)
80. Which of the following cell type is haploid?
- Primary spermatocyte
- Spermatogonium
- Sertoli cell
- Secondary spermatocyte
81. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis both involve choose which one is correct:
- Mitosis only
- Meiosis only
- Both mitosis and meiosis
- All (A), (B) and (C) are incorrect
82. After meiosis,what differentiaes into the mature sperm?
- Primary spermatocyte
- Spermatid
- Secondary spermatocyte
- Spermatogonium
83. The animals which lay eggs are called choose which one is correct:
- Oviparous
- Viviparous
- Dioecious
- Neuter
84. In terrestrial conditions which type fertilization is more common choose which one is correct:
- External
- Internal
- Self
- None of these
85. In mammalian males, the reproductive and excretory system share the same choose which one is correct:
- Ureter
- Vas defrens
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
86. External male genitalia are choose which one is correct:
- Vasa efferentia and penis
- Seminiferous tubules and penis
- Scrotum and penis
- None of these
87. Human testes are packed with about how many seminiferous tubules which produce about how many million sperms every day?
- 200, 20
- 300, 40
- 500, 30
- 500, 10
88. Three sets of glands secrete fluids which combine with the sperm to form choose which one is correct:
- Interstitial fluid
- Semen
- Amniotic fluid
- Both (A) and (B)
89. A human female has around how many oocytes in each of her ovary?
- 30,000
- 200,000
- 300,000
- 20,000
90. Fertilization of human eggs most often takes place in the choose which one is correct:
- Ovary
- Uterus
- Oviduct (Fallopian tube)
- Cervix
91. In human female only one ovum is usually discharged from the ovary at one time and it is called choose which one is correct:
- Parturition
- Menstruation
- Ovulation
- Implantation
92. Where does the uterus opens into the through cervix?
- Fallopian tube
- Urethra
- Vagina
- All of the choices are correct
93. The follicle cells, after release of the egg, are modified to form a special structure called choose which one is correct:
- Endometrium
- Perimetrium
- Graffian follicle
- Corpus luteum
94. In mammals that are seasonal breeders, females are receptive only once a year. This is called choose which one is correct:
- A follicular cycle
- An estrous cycle
- A menstrual cycle
- A luteal cycle
95. The lining or inner layer of the uterus is called the choose which one is correct:
- Myometrium
- Perimetrium
- Endometrium
- Both (A) and (C)
96. What event occurs in the menstrual cycle when the level of progesterone
declines?
- Ovulation
- Beginning of menses
- Formation of corpus luteum
- Maturation of ovarian follicle
97. What is produced mainly by the corpus luteum in the ovary following
ovulation?
- Progesterone
- Follicle stimulating hormone
- Luteinizing hormone
- Chorionic gonadotrophic hormone
98. From which of the following structures is the secondary oocyte ovulated?
- Corpus luteum
- Graffian follicle
- Primary follicle
- Germinal epithelium
99. The process by which becomes embedded in endometrium is
called .
- morula, parturition
- Blastocyst, parturiton
- Blastocyst, implantation
- Morula, implantation
100. What controls the release of milk form the mammary glands?
- Oxytocin
- Follicle stimulating hormone
- Luteinizing hormone
- None of these