12th Class Biology Mcqs with Answers Chapter 24 | 2nd year Biology Mcqs With Answers

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Chapter 24

Evolution

Encircle the most appropriate answer among the following options

1. The mechanism of evolution called “natural selection” was proposed by choose which one is correct:

  • Lamarck
  • Darwin
  • Cuvier
  • Mendel

2. The endosymbiont hypothesis was proposed by choose which one is correct:

  • Lamarck
  • Wallace
  • Margulis
  • Lyell

3. The evolutionary hypothesis that “the prokaryotic cell membrane

invaginated to enclose its copy of genetic material” is said to be choose which one is correct:

  • Ecotsymbiont hypothesis
  • Membrane invagination hypothesis
  • Unit membrane hypothesis
  • Endosymbiont hypothesis

4. The integration of the principles of genetics and evolution is called as choose which one is correct:

  • Lamarckism
  • Theory of special creation
  • Neo Darwinism
  • Mendelism

5. How many finches did Darwin collect on galapagos island?

  • 30 types
  • 20 types
  • 13 types
  • 25 types

6. The study of distribution of living things on earth is called choose which one is correct:

  • Biogeography
  • Biology
  • Comparative anatomy
  • Molecular biology

7. The breeding of domesticated plants and animals refers to choose which one is correct:

  • Artificial selection
  • Selection by chance
  • Wild selection
  • Natural selection

8. The shuffling of alleles due to meiosis and random fertilization having no

effect on over all genetic structure of a population signifies choose which one is correct:

  • Went’s theorem
  • Fischer’s theorem
  • Hardy-Weinberg theorem
  • Binomial theorem

9. In Hardy Weinberg’s equation i.e., p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 p-stands for choose which one is correct:

  • None
  • Gene frequency of one allele
  • Frequency of whole gene pool
  • Both (A) and (B)

10. The tropical rain forests have been reduced to what percentage of their

original extent?

  • 44%
  • 10%
  • 84%
  • 20%

11. The smallest biological unit that can evolve over time is choose which one is correct:

  • A community
  • A population
  • A species
  • An ecosystem

12. The first eukaryotic cell appeared about how many years ago?

  • 1.5 billion
  • 2.4 billion
  • 3.9 billion
  • 3.5 billion

13. The “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny” supports the evidence from choose which one is correct:

  • Comparative embryology
  • Fossil record
  • Comparative anatomy
  • Molecular biology

14. If all the members of a population are homozygous for the same allele then

that allele is choose which one is correct:

  • Variable
  • Abnormal
  • Fixed
  • Normal

15. The species which are near to become endangered are called as choose which one is correct:

  • Threatened species
  • Endangered species
  • Wild species
  • None

16. The study of total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time is

known as choose which one is correct:

  • Population genetics
  • Molecular biology
  • Embryology
  • Cytogenetics

17. As per natural selection the survival in struggle for existence is not random.

It depends on surviving individuals choose which one is correct:

  • Interaction
  • Ancestry
  • Hereditary constitution
  • Phenotype

18. Which one of the following is not declared as an extinct species in Pakistan?

  • Asian lion
  • Green parrot
  • Indian rhino
  • Cheetah

19. The rudimentary structures that had important functions in ancestors in the

remote past are said to be choose which one is correct:

  • Functional organs
  • Vestigial organs
  • Visceral organs
  • Assimilatory organs

20. The level of classification between species and family is called as choose which one is correct:

  • Genus
  • Phylum
  • Division
  • Group

21. Theory of special creation choose which one is correct:

  • 60oC
  • Lynn Margulis
  • Darwin
  • C. Linnaeus

22. Archaeobacteria choose which one is correct:

  • 120oC
  • Lynn Margulis
  • C. Linnaeus
  • Darwin

23. Edosymbiont hypothesis choose which one is correct:

  • C. Linnaeus
  • Lynn Margulis
  • 120oC
  • Darwin

24. H.M.S. Beagle choose which one is correct:

  • C. Linnaeus
  • 120oC
  • Lynn Margulis
  • Darwin

25. Inheritance of acquired characteristics choose which one is correct:

  • Sedimentary rocks
  • Lamarck
  • Homologus organs
  • Analogous organs

26. Fossils choose which one is correct:

  • Sedimentary rocks
  • Lamarck
  • Homolgous organs
  • Hydrothermal vents

27. Fore limbs of man and wings of bat choose which one is correct:

  • Hydrothermal vents
  • Sedimentary rocks
  • Analogous organ
  • Homologous organs

28. Hot springs choose which one is correct:

  • Homologous organs
  • Sedimentary rocks
  • Analogous organs
  • Hydrothermal vents

29. Eukaryotic cells choose which one is correct:

  • Mutation
  • Lamarckism
  • Membrane invagination hypothesis
  • Population

30. Neo Darwinism choose which one is correct:

  • Modern synthesis
  • Population
  • Mutation
  • Lamarckism

31. A group of interbreeding individuals choose which one is correct:

  • Lamarckism
  • Membrane invagination hypothesis
  • Modern synthesis
  • Population

32. Change in genetic make up choose which one is correct:

  • Lamarckism
  • Modern synthesis
  • Population
  • Mutation

33. Wings of bats choose which one is correct:

  • Fixed
  • Hardy Weinberg theorem
  • Convergent evolution
  • Variable

34. (p + q)2 choose which one is correct:

  • Variable
  • Hardy Weinberg theorem
  • Fixed
  • Extinct species

35. Asian lion choose which one is correct:

  • Extinct species
  • Hardy Weinberg theorem
  • Convergent evolution
  • Fixed

36. Homozygous choose which one is correct:

  • Extinct species
  • Fixed
  • Hardy Weinberg theorem
  • Convergent evolution

37. Essay on the principle of population choose which one is correct:

  • Analogous organs
  • Evidence of evolution
  • Finches
  • Cuvier

38. Galapagos choose which one is correct:

  • Evidence of evolution
  • Analogous organs
  • Cuvier
  • Finches

39. Functionally alike but structurally different choose which one is correct:

  • Evidence of evolution
  • Fishes
  • Analogous organs
  • Cuvier

40. Comparative anatomy choose which one is correct:

  • Analogous organs
  • Evidence of evolution
  • Fishes
  • Cuvier

41. The origin of species choose which one is correct:

  • Genetic drift
  • Darwin
  • Glycogen
  • Vestigial organ

42. Ear muscles in man choose which one is correct:

  • Genetic drift
  • Vestigial organ
  • Darwin
  • Respiratory protein

43. Change in the frequency of alleles occurring by chance choose which one is correct:

  • Darwin
  • Genetic drift
  • Vestigial organ
  • Glycogen

44. Cytochrome choose which one is correct:

  • Vestigial organ
  • Genetic drift
  • Respiratory protein
  • Darwin

45. The theory of natural selection was supported by choose which one is correct:

  • Darwin
  • Aristotle
  • Linnaeus
  • Lamarck

46. The theory of natural selection was formulated by choose which one is correct:

  • Darwin
  • Linnaeus
  • Lamarck
  • Aristotle

47. The essay “Principle of population” was published by choose which one is correct:

  • Cuvier
  • Lyell
  • Malthus
  • Mendel

48. Match theory of natural selection with one of the followings choose which one is correct:

  • Natural selection
  • Evolution
  • Divine creation
  • Principle of population

49. Principle of geology was published by choose which one is correct:

  • Darwin
  • Lyell
  • Linnaeus
  • Lamarck

50. Papers on inheritance was published by choose which one is correct:

  • Cuvier
  • Lyell
  • Malthus
  • Mendel

51. Match catastrophism with one of the following choose which one is correct:

  • Lyell
  • Cuvier
  • Malthus
  • Mendel

52. The prokaryotes arise how many years ago?

  • 1.5 billion
  • 3.5 million
  • 3.5 billion
  • 4.5 billion

53. The bacteria living in hydrothermal vent are choose which one is correct:

  • Cyanobacteria
  • Eubacteria
  • Archeobacteria
  • All of the above

54. Archeobacteria can tolerate temperature upto choose which one is correct:

  • 100oC
  • 105oC
  • 110oC
  • 120oC

55. The compound used first by photosynthetic organism as a hydrogen sources

was choose which one is correct:

  • Water
  • Methane
  • Hydrogen sulphide
  • Hydrogen per oxide

56. Ozone is formed from choose which one is correct:

  • Water
  • Hydrogen
  • CO2 
  • Oxygen

57. Enough protective ozone was built about how many years ago?

  • 320 million
  • 420 million
  • 420 billion
  • 320 billion

58. Life can form abiotically only in choose which one is correct:

  • Oxidizing environment
  • Reducing environment
  • Both (A) and (B)
  • None of the above

59. The idea of endosymbiont was proposed by choose which one is correct:

  • Cuvier
  • Lyell
  • Malthus
  • Margulis

60. In endosymbiont idea, flagella are formed from choose which one is correct:

  • Aerobic bacteria
  • Cyanobacteria
  • Spirochete
  • None of the above

61. The chloroplast of the eukaryotes was formed from choose which one is correct:

  • Aerobic bacteria
  • Spirochete
  • Cyanobacteria
  • None of the above

62. The idea of inheritance of acquired character was proposed by choose which one is correct:

  • Darwin 
  • Lyell
  • Linnaeus
  • Lamarck

63. The island near South American coastline is choose which one is correct:

  • Iceland
  • Galapagos
  • Cape Verde
  • None of the above

64. Darwin came back to Great Britain in choose which one is correct:

  • 1932
  • 1934
  • 1936
  • 1939

65. Another theory of natural selection other than Darwin was developed by choose which one is correct:

  • Wallace
  • Lyell
  • Linnaeus
  • Lamarck

66. Descent with modification means choose which one is correct:

  • Similar characters
  • Same ancestor
  • Different ancestors
  • None of the above

67. Population genetics emphasized on choose which one is correct:

  • Acquired characters
  • Qualitative characters
  • Quantitative characters
  • None of the above

68. Modern synthesis includes choose which one is correct:

  • Taxonomy
  • Population genetics
  • Palaeontology
  • All of the above

69. Match divergent evolution with one of the following choose which one is correct:

  • Analogy
  • Anatomy
  • Homology
  • Palaeontology

70. Vermiform appendix in man is choose which one is correct:

  • Analogous structure
  • Homologous structure
  • Vestigial structure
  • None of the above

71. Which of the followings is not a vestigial organ?

  • Appendix
  • Skeleton of whale
  • Pelvic in man
  • Leg bone in snakes

72. Which is mismatched for homologous structures?

  • Foreleg of horse
  • Wing of birds
  • Wing of insects
  • Flipper of whale

73. Which is mismatched for analogous structures?

  • Forelimb of bat
  • Wing of birds
  • Wing of insects
  • Flipper of whale

74. In terrestrial vertebrates, the gills are modified to form choose which one is correct:

  • Ear muscles
  • Eustachian tube
  • Lungs
  • Larynx

75. The proteins found in all aerobic species are choose which one is correct:

  • Haemoglobin
  • Cytochrome
  • Albumin
  • Keratin

76. The total aggregate gene of population is choose which one is correct:

  • Poly gene
  • Gene pool
  • Gene interaction
  • None of the above

77. Number of homozygous dominant flowers in a population is 320 and number

of heteozygous flowers is 160. Number of dominant alleles in this population

is choose which one is correct:

  • 320
  • 600
  • 800
  • 100

78. The mammal which live only in America is choose which one is correct:

  • Kangaroo
  • Elephant
  • Armadillos
  • Echidna

79. The oldest known fossils choose which one is correct:

  • Fish
  • Prokaryotes
  • Protozoans
  • Algae

80. Fossil record shows that the earliest known vertebrate fossils of choose which one is correct:

  • Reptiles
  • Fishes
  • Amphioxus
  • Amphibians

81. The second oldest vertebrate fossil choose which one is correct:

  • Reptiles
  • Fishes
  • Amphioxus
  • Amphibians

82. The latest fossil found is choose which one is correct:

  • Reptiles
  • Birds
  • Amphioxus
  • Amphibians

83. Which of the following is a fossil?

  • Cast
  • Impression
  • Resin
  • None of the above

84. Most fossils are found in choose which one is correct:

  • Hard rocks
  • Sedimentary rocks
  • Soft rocks
  • Ignitions rocks

85. The structures which have common origin but different function choose which one is correct:

  • Analogous structures
  • Homologous structures
  • Vestigial structures
  • None of the above

86. The structures which have similarity in function are choose which one is correct:

  • Analogous structures
  • Homologous structures
  • Vestigial structures
  • None of the above

87. Match convergent evolution with one of the followings choose which one is correct:

  • Analogy
  • Homology
  • Anatomy
  • Paleontology

88. The number of alleles of a recessive character in a population is 300 out of

total of 100. Its frequency is choose which one is correct:

  • 0.7
  • 0.3
  • 0.5
  • 0.4

89. There are 160 heterozygous plants in total of 500. Its genotypic frequency will

be choose which one is correct:

  • 0.64
  • 0.32
  • 0.04
  • 0.44

90. Hardy-Weinberg law is used to measure choose which one is correct:

  • Gene pool
  • Allelic ratio
  • Allelic frequency
  • None of the above

91. In allelic frequency P + Q =

  • 0.2
  • 0.8
  • 1.0
  • 2.0

92. In a population P = 0.8 and Q = 0.2, the allelic frequency of the heterozygous

will be choose which one is correct:

  • 0.64
  • 0.32
  • 0.04
  • 1.00

93. In a population P = 0.8 and Q = 0.2, the allelic frequency of the recessive trait

will be choose which one is correct:

  • 0.64
  • 0.32
  • 0.04
  • 1.00

94. Which of the followings cannot change allelic frequency?

  • Genetic drift
  • Random mating
  • Section
  • Migration

95. Which of the followings can change allelic frequency?

  • Genetic drift
  • Migration
  • Section
  • All of the above

96. The forest of the world have been reduced by choose which one is correct:

  • 30%
  • 44%
  • 54%
  • 60%

97. The main reason of the extinction of the species is choose which one is correct:

  • Pollution
  • Over population
  • Habitat destruction
  • Rain

98. The measure to prevent the extinction of species is choose which one is correct:

  • Pollution control
  • Supply of water
  • National parks
  • Breading

99. The evolution of photosynthetic prokaryotes took place due to choose which one is correct:

  • High concentration of CO2 in atmosphere
  • High concentration of O2 in atmosphere
  • Limited supply of nutrient sources
  • High temperature in the primitive environment

100. The theory of special creation says choose which one is correct:

  • All living organisms formed from ancestors
  • All living organisms formed spontaneously
  • All living organisms formed by divine
  • None of the above

101. The theory of natural selection says choose which one is correct:

  • All living organisms formed from ancestors
  • All living organisms formed spontaneously
  • All living organisms formed by divine
  • None of the above

102. Evolution is a choose which one is correct:

  • Change of shape of body
  • Change of body form
  • Change of gene frequency
  • Change of body organs

103. The evolution of aerobic prokaryotes took place due to choose which one is correct:

  • High concentration of CO2 in atmosphere
  • High concentration of O2 in atmosphere
  • Limited supply of nutrient sources
  • High temperature in the primitive environment

104. An acquired character is choose which one is correct:

  • A character inherited by an organism
  • It can pass from parent to offspring
  • It never passes from parent to offspring
  • It provides raw material for evolution

105. According to endosymbiotic theory mitochondria is choose which one is correct:

  • Cellular body which produce energy
  • Anaerobic bacteria which produces energy
  • Aerobic bacteria which produces energy
  • Photosynthetic bacteria undergoes photosynthesis

106. According of endosymbiotic theory chlorophyll is choose which one is correct:

  • Cellular body which produce energy
  • Anaerobic bacteria which produce energy
  • Aerobic bacteria which produce energy
  • Photosynthetic bacteria undergoes photosynthesis