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CHAPTER NO 15

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

Encircle the most appropriate answer among the following option


1          Human body consists of __ % water:

(a) 70

(b) 60.

(c) 40

(d) 30


2          The ocean contains about % of world water:

(a) 97

(b) 98

(c) 90

(d) 97.1


3          water also present in the atmosphere in form of:

(a) rain drops

(b) Dew

(c) Water vapors

(d) rivers  Only


4          only …% of the total water on the earth is potable :

(a) 0.6

(b) 0.9

(c) 0.2

(d) 2


5          Water is composed of:

(a) Oxygen, hydrogen

(b) Nitrogen, Hydrogen

(c) Nitrogen, Oxygen

(d) Oxygen, Hydrogen, Carbon


6          The freezing point of water is:

(a) 0°C

(b) 20°C

(c) 100°C

(d) 1°C


7          The boiling point of water is – at sea level

(a) 100 °C .

(b) 0°C

(c) 50 °C

(d) 101


8          The maximum density of water is at 4°C:

(a) 3 g/cm3

(b) 1 gm3

(c) 1 g/cm2

(d) 1 gom-3


9          Water is excellent solvent for: :

(a) ionic compounds

(b) Molecular compounds

(c) Both a and b

(d) None 


10        Water has surface tension:

(a) high

(b) low

(c) moderate

(d) comparable


11        Water is a universal:

(a) solvent

(b) solute

(c) Both a and b

(d) donor


12        Water molecule has structure:

(a) polar

(b) non-polar

(c) Both a and b

(d) diatomic


13        Soft water is that which produces _lather with soap:

(a) good

(b) bad

(c) rough

(d) fine


14        CaCO2 + CO2 + H2O —→ :.

(a) Ca(HCO3 )2

(b) Ca(HCO3 )

(c) Ca(HCO3)2

(d) Ca2CO3


15        MgCO3 + CO2 +H2

(a) Mg(HCO3)2

(b) Mg(HCO)2

(c) Mg(HCO3)

(d) MgCl


16        Gypsum is strongly in water:

(a) soluble

(b) Insoluble

(c) None of these

(d) Both a and b.


17        HCO3 makes the water:

(a) hard

(b) soft

(c) clean

(d) waxy


18        Specific heat capacity of water is:

(a) 4.2 jkg-1K-1

(b) 2.4 jkg-1K-1

(c) 3.4 jkg-1K-1

(d) 4.2 jkg-1K-1


19        Water dissolves non-ionic compound by:

(a) ion-ion forces

(b) ion-dipole forces

(c) hydrogen bonding

(d) covalent bonds


20        Temporary hardness is because of presences of bicarbonates of _ _ and magnesium.

(a) calcium 

(b) potassium

(c) gypsum

(d) copper


21        The removal of .. and Ca’* ions which are responsible for the hardness is called water softening.

(a) Mg2+

(b) k

(c) SO24

(d) Cu2+


22        Temporary hardness is because of:

(a) Ca(HCO3)

(b) MgCO3

(c) CaCO3

(d) NaCl


23        Temporary hardness is removed by adding:

(a) lime stone

(b) slaked lime

(c) lime water

(d) Na2CO3


24        Permanent hardness can only be removed by using:

(a) lime stone

(b) slaked lime

(c) lime water

(d) chemicals


25        Hard water consumes large amount of ___ __ in washing purposes:

(a) soap

(b) power

(c) slaked lime

(d) detergents


26        Drinking hard water causes disorders:

(a) blood

(b) Heart

(c) stomach

(d) kidney


27        It is sodium salt of a long carboxylic acid: 

(a) acid

(b) soap

(c) lime

(d) Sodium chloride


28        Hard water contains salts of

(a) Magnesium, calcium

(b) Magnesium, potassium

(c) Calcium, potassium

(d) Ca, Cu


29        Water pollution is contamination of water:

(a) Bodies

(b) Molecules

(c) Compounds

(d) prices


30        Vibrios cholera may be found in water contaminated by:

(a) Human feces

(b) Animal feces

(c) Both a and b

(d) human urine


31        Fluorosis is a disease caused by the consumption of excess :

(a) Chlorine

(b) Bromine

(c) Fluoride

(d) Astatine


32        Which of the following disease cause liver inflammation?

(a) Typhoid

(b) Cholera

(c) Hepatitis

(d) Jaundice


33        Hepatitis and can be transmitted by contaminated water:

(a) B, C .

(b) A, E .

(C) A D

(d) B, A :


34        Hookworm infects the:

(a) Small intestine

(b) Large intestine

(c) Stomach.

(d) Liver


35        Hookworm infects about. billion people worldwide per annum:

(a) 1

(b) 2

(c) 4

(d) 5


36        Water pollution causes rapid growth of:

(a) Bacteria .

(b) Algae

(c) Chemicals

(d) Pollutants


37        Water pollution is unfit for : purposes:

(a) Cleaning

(b) Washing

(c) Both a and b

(d) drinking


38        In some parts of the world, the water supply contains small amount of _ compounds:

(a) Chlorine

(b) Bromine

(c) Fluorine

(d) iodine


39        Lack of proper sanitation facilities is the main cause of rapidly spreading diseases:

(a) Water borne

(b) Water pollution

(c) hepatitis

(d) heart


40        Diarrhea may be caused by viruses:

(a) Bacteria

(b) Parasites

(c) Both a and b

(d) fungal infections


41        Dysentery is a disease of:

(a) Intestine

(b) Stomach

(c) Heart.

(d) liver


42        Cholera is an acute infection caused by_ bacteria:

(a) Cholerae

(b) Vibrio cholerae

(c) Both a and b

(d) None of these\


43        A large number of soap is wasted in formation:

(a) Scum

(b) Detergents

(c) Soda

(d) None of these


44        Water pollution due to agriculture waste is because of use of the:

(a) Fertilizers

(b) Pesticide 

(c) Both a and b.

(d) insecticide


45        Fertilizers are used to make up deficiency of:

(a) Nitrogen.

(b) Phosphorus

(c) Both a and b

(d) calcium


46        Aquatic animals feel suffocation and ultimately die due to insufficient supply of:

(a) Oxygen

(b) Hydrogen

(c) Carbon dioxide

(d) None of these


47        Water borne diseases:

(a) Dysentery

(b) Cholera

(c) Both a and b

(d) pneumonia


48        Heavy metals like Cadmium, Lead and Mercury are toric and health hazards for:

(a) Humans

(b) Animals

(c) Both a and b

(d) plants


49        Use of detergents is increasing day by day for cleaning purposes in: :

(a) Houses

(b) Industries.

(c) Both a and b

(d) classes


50        Detergents can work even in solutions:

(a) Acidic

(b) Basic

(c) Both a and b

(d) Alkaline


51        The _salt is present in detergents cause rapid growth of algae in water:

(a) nitrate

(b) Phosphate

(c) Magnesium

(d) Both a and b


52        Jaundice is caused by an excess of in blood:

(a) Bile pigments

(b) RBC’s

(c) WBC’s

(d) thrombocytes


53        Patient feels weakness and fatigue in:

(a) Jaundice

(b) Hepatitis

(c) Cryptosporidium

(d) Cholera


54        Typhoid is a dangerous _disease:

(a) Intestinal .

(b) Bacteria

(c) Infections

(d) fungal 


55        Chlorine kills:

(a) Bacteria

(b) Micro-organisms 

(c) Both a and b

(d) germs


56        Swimming pools are cleaned by:

(a) Chlorination

(b) Fluorination

(c) Bromination

(d) Both b and c


57        Hardness is of _types:

(a) Four

(b) Two

(c) Three

(d) Five


58        Used water is called:

(a) Waste water

(b) Sewage

(c) Both a and b

(d) none of these


59        Good quality Water is colorless and:

(a) odorless

(b) Tasteless

(c) Both a and b

(d) softly Pure water has


60        pure water has __conductivity:

(a) High

(b) Very low

(c) Both a and b ,

(d) None of these


61        A disease that causes bone and tooth damage:

(a) Jaundice

(b) Fluorosis

(c) Hepatitis

(d) Asthma


62        Sea water is unfit for purposes:

(a) Drinking .

(b) Agriculture

(c) Both a and b

(d) Washing


63        Water is a universal solvent because of its:

(a) Polarity

(b) Hydrogen bonding ability

(c) Both a and b

(d) Covalent bonding


64        Which one of the following properties of water is responsible for rising of water in plants?

(a) Surface tension

(b) Capillary action

(c) Heat capacity

(d) Specific heat


65        Permanent hardness because of Mg2+ and Ca2:

(a) SO42-

(b) CL

(c) Both a and b

(d) Phosphates