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CHAPTER 8
NUTRITION
Encircle the most appropriate answer from the following options
1. Which one is a macronutrient?
(a) Iron
(b) Magnesium
(c) Copper
(d) Boron
2. Which of the following is a micronutrient?
(a) Potassium
(b) Sulphur
(c) Copper
(d) Calcium
3. The micronutrient that is required by plants for nitrogen metabolism:
(a) Chlorine
(b) Iron
(c) Zinc
(d) Nickel
4. The functions of Phosphorus are:
(a) It is a component of ATP, Nucleic Acids, and coenzymes.
(b) It is necessary for seed germination.
(c) Photosynthesis and protein formation.
(d) All of these
5. Plants get nitrogen in the form of:
(a) Nitrites
(b) Nitrates
(c) Nitric Acid
(d) All of these
6. Deficiency of which element causes the yellowing of leaves in plants?
(a) Zinc
(b) Magnesium
(c) Copper
(d) Chlorine
7. Which one is an organic fertilizer?
(a) Rock phosphate
(b) Elemental sulphur
(c) Compost
(d) Gypsum
8. The increase in the chemical nutrients in an ecosystem is called:
(a) Absorption
(b) Assimilation
(c) Eutrophication
(d) Nutrition
9. Which of the following are the most common sources of energy?
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Lipids
(c) Proteins
(d) All of these
10. How much energy is provided by one gram of carbohydrates?
(a) 1000 calories
(b) 2000 calories
(c) 3000 calories
(d) 4000 calories
11. The lipids are composed of:
(a) Fatty acids
(b) Glycerol
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) None of these
12. How much energy is provided by one gram of lipids?
(a) 6000 calories
(b) 7000 calories
(c) 8000 calories
(d) 9000 calories
13. How much saturated fatty acids are present in butter?
(a) 40 %
(b) 50 %
(c) 60 %
(d) 70 %
14. What percentage of unsaturated fatty acids are present in sunflower oil?
(a) 55 %
(b) 65 %
(c) 75 %
(d) 85 %
15. The amount of energy provided by one gram of protein?
(a) 2000 calories
(b) 4000 calories
(c) 5000 calories
(d) 7000 calories
16. Which of the following major component of food is needed as the main structural component of the body?
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Lipids
(c) Proteins
(d) Vitamins
17. Proteins are also the major components of:
(a) Muscles
(b) Ligaments
(c) Tendons
(d) All of these
18. Which of the following is a major mineral?
(a) Iron
(b) Zinc
(c) Copper
(d) Calcium
19. The minerals required for fluid balance in the body:
(a) Sodium
(b) Potassium
(c) Chloride
(d) All of these
20. Which mineral is essential for development and maintenance of bones and teeth?
(a) Potassium
(b) Sodium
(c) Iodine
(d) Calcium
21. The functions of calcium:
(a) Development and maintenance of bones and teeth
(b) Blood clotting
(c) Oxygen transport and storage
(d) Both (a) and (b)
22. Which one is trace mineral?
(a) Sodium
(b) Potassium
(c) Chromium
(d) Magnesium
23. The mineral that stabilizes bone mineral and hardens tooth enamel:
(a) Iodine
(b) Fluoride
(c) Zinc
(d) Potassium
24. Which one trace mineral is required for normal thyroid function?
(a) Iron
(b) Zinc
(c) Copper
(d) Iodine
25. The deficiency of which mineral causes anaemia?
(a) Calcium
(b) Iron
(c) Sodium
(d) Magnesium
26. Which of the following is not fat soluble vitamin?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) D
(d) E
27. Water soluble vitamin is:
(a) A
(b) B
(c) K
(d) D
28. The first fat-soluble vitamin identified in 1913:
(a) A
(b) D
(c) K
(d) C
29. Which vitamin converts opsin into rhodopsin?
(a) A
(b) C
(c) D
(d) E
30. Night blindness is caused by the deficiency of
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Vitamin D
31. Poor Growth, blindness and dry skin are the deficiency symptoms of:
(a) Vitamin E
(b) Vitamin D
(c) Vitamin B
(d) Vitamin A
32. The deficiency of vitamin C results in:
(a) Poor growth
(b) Scurvy
(c) Osteomalacia
(d) Rickets
33. Scurvy is caused due to deficiency of in body:
(a) Protein
(b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin D
(d) Lipids
34. Vitamin C is needed:
(a) To form collagen
(b) Healing of wounds
(c) Immune system
(d) All of these
35. Which vitamin is synthesized by skin exposed to ultraviolet radiations of the sun?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
36. Deficiency of vitamin D leads to:
(a) Rickets
(b) Osteomalacia
(c) Scurvy
(d) Both (a) and (b)
37. How much of the adult human body is composed of water?
(a) 40 %
(b) 50 %
(c) 60 %
(d) 70 %
38. The estimated water requirement of an average adult per day:
(a) I litre
(b) 2 litres
(c) 3 litres
(d) 4 litres
39. Which one is an insoluble dietary fibre?
(a) Cereals
(b) Oats
(c) Beans
(d) Barley
40. Which of the following is the soluble dietary fibre?
(a) Wheat bran
(b) Cereals
(c) Barley
(d) Both (a) and (b)
41. A balanced diet is related to one’s:
(a) Age
(b) Gender
(c) Activity
(d) All of these
42. The percentage of carbohydrates in bread:
(a) 42 %
(b) 52 %
(c) 62 %
(d) 65 %
43. The percentage of carbohydrates in potato:
(a) 19 %
(b) 21 %
(c) 31 %
(d) 41
44. The percentage of lipids in chicken:
(a) 10%
(b) 11%
(c) 12 %
(d) 13 %
45. How much % of lipids is present in milk?
(a) 10%
(b) 12%
(c) 9%
(d) 4%
46. The percentage of proteins in egg:
(a) 13 %
(b) 15 %
(c) 17 %
(d) 19 %
47. The diseases of Kwashiorkor and Marasmus may be due to:
(a) Over intake of nutrients
(b) Mineral deficiency
(c) Ulcer
(d)Protein energy malnutrition
48. Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease that takes place at the age of:
(a) 4 months
(b) 6 months
(c) 8 months
(d) 12 months
49. Marasmus is due to the deficiency of:
(a) Proteins
(b) Minerals
(c) Vitamins
(d) All of these
50. Goitre is due to the deficiency of:
(a) Protein
(b) Iron
(c) Iodine
(d) None of these
51. Which disease is caused due to the deficiency of iodine?
(a) Anaemia
(b) Goiter
(c) Scurvy
(d) Rickets
52. High intake of carbohydrates and fats leads to:
(a) Obesity
(b) Diabetes
(c) Cardiovascular problems
(d) All of these
53. Which of the following is known as the mother disease?
(a) Starvation
(b) Heart disease
(c) Obesity
(d) Constipation
54. The most terrible famines of twentieth century are: Text Book Page#156
(a) Ethiopian Famine
(b) North Korean Famine
(c) Somalian Famine
(d) Both (a) and (b)
55. The process of taking in food:
(a) Ingestion
(b) Digestion
(c) Absorption
(d) Defecation
56. The elimination of undigested food from the body:
(a) Absorption
(b) Assimilation
(c) Defecation
(d) Digestion
57. The grinding of food by teeth is called.
(a) Chewing
(b) Mastiction
(c) Lubrication
(d) Both (a) and (b)
58. Which part of food is semi digested in oral cavity?
(a) Starch
(b) Lipids
(c) Proteins
(d) All of these
59. In adult human oesophagus is about:
(a) I0cm
(b) 15cm
(c) 20 cm
(d) 25 cm
60. The wave of contraction and relaxation in the smooth muscles of alimentary canal:
(a) Lubrication
(b) Mastication
(c) Food selection
(d) Peristalsis
61. When the direction of peristalsis reverses, it results:
(a) Swallowing
(b) Vomiting
(c) Chewing
(d) Lubrication
62. In stomach, Pepsinogen in converted into:
(a) Pepsin
(b) Bicarbonates
(c) HCI
(d) Gastrin
63. Which acid is present in pepsin?
(a) H2O
(b) H2CO3
(c) HNO3
(d) HCI
64. Gastric juice is composed chiefly of:
(a) Mucous
(b) Hydrochloric Acid
(c) Pepsinogen
(d)All of these
65. The length of duodenum in adult human:
(a) 10 cm
(b) 15 cm
(c) 25 cm
(d) 35 cm
66. Which of the following enzyme is present in Bile?
(a) Amylase
(b) Lipase
(c) Pepsin
(d) None of these
67. Pancreatic juice from pancreas contains enzymes:
(a) Trypsin
(b) Pancreatic amylase
(c) Lipase
(d) All of these
68. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and releases them into:
(a) Colon
(b) Gall bladder
(c) liver
(d) Duodenum
69. The length of jejunum in adult human:
(a) 2. I meter
(b) 2.2 meter
(c) 2.3 meter
(d) 2.4 meter
70. The length of ileum in adult human:
(a) 1.5 meters
(b) 25 meters
(c) 3.5 meters
(d) 4.5 meters
71. The circular folds in the inner wall of ileum have numerous finger-like projections called:
(a) Villi
(b) Lacteal
(c) Blood capillaries
(d) Appendix
72. Where are Villi found?
(a) Stomach
(b) Small intestine
(c) esophagus
(d) Large intestine
73. In which part of the alimentary canal, the maximum absorption of nutrients occur?
(a) Stomach
(b) Small intestine
(c) Large intestine
(d) All of these
74. Which part of gut absorbs water?
(a) Stomach
(b) Large intestine
(c) Rectum
(d) Duodenum
75. The part of the large intestine in which maximum absorption of water take place:
(a) Caecum
(b) Colon
(c) Rectum
(d) None of these
76. A non-functional finger-like process:
(a) Villi
(b) Lacteal
(c) Blood capillaries
(d) Appendix
77. Functions of the large intestine include:
(a) The elimination of faces
(b) Absorption of water
(c) Absorption of Salts
(d) All of these
78. Faeces are temporarily stored in:
(a) Appendix
(b) Rectum
(c) Gall bladder
(d) Pancreas
79. Which vitamin is made by bacteria in colon?
(a) Vitamin C
(b) Vitamin D
(c) Vitamin E
(d) Vitamin K
80. The largest gland of human’s body is:
(a) Liver
(b) Pancreas
(c) Thyroid
(d) Parathyroid
81. In an adult human, the weight of liver:
(a) I kg
(b) 1.5 kg
(d) 2.5 kg
82. The function of bile is:
(a) De- amination
(b) Emulsification of lipids
(c) Detoxification
(d) All of these
83. Diarrhoea is caused by:
(a) Virus
(b) Bacteria
(c) Lack of safe water
(d) All of these
84. The medicines used for treatment of constipation:
(a) laxatives
(b) Paraffin
(c) Aspirin
(d) Both (a) & (b)
85. In which among of the following peptic ulcers occur?
(a) Oesophagus
(b) Duodenum
(c) Stomach
(d) All of these