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Chapter 11
Heat And Thermodynamics
Encircle the most appropriate answer among the following options
1 The degree of hotness or coldness of an object is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Temperature
(b) Chemical energy
(c) Mechanical energy
(d) Heat
2. Temperature is a property that determines choose which one is correct:
(a) The ability of a body to transfer heat
(b) A body with lower thermal conductivity
(c) A body with higher thermal conductivity
(d) How much energy is present in the body
3 Something which flows from a hot body to a cold body is known as choose which one is correct:
(a) Heat
(b) Internal energy
(c) Temperature
(d) None of these
4 The direction of the flow of heat between two bodies depends upon which among the following option choose which one is correct:
(a) Thermal conductivity
(b) Internal energies
(c) Temperature
(d) Specific heat
5 The branch of physics which deals with the transfer of heat into other form of energy is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Heat and temperature
(b) Thermodynamics
(c) Mechanics
(d) All of above
6 Sum of all forms of molecular energies of a substance is called its choose which one is correct:
(a) External energy
(b) Kinetic energy
(c) Potential energy
(d) Internal energy
7 A relationship between the mechanical work and heat energy has derived by choose which one is correct:
(a) Joule
(b) Newton
(c) Kelvin
(d) Einstein
8 The pressure of a gas is defined as choose which one is correct:
(a) Force per unit area
(b) Mass per unit volume
(c) Energy per unit volume
(d) Energy per unit area
9 Pressure of a gas depends upon choose which one is correct:
(a) The mass of molecules
(b) Molecular speed
(c) Number of molecules
(d) All of above
10. When a gas is compressed choose which one is correct:
(a) Its temperature decreases
(b) Its internal energy decreases
(c) Its temperature increases
(d) None of these
11. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules on the walls of the vessel is due to choose which one is correct:
(a) Continuous collision of its molecules
(b) Free motion of its molecules
(c) Momentum of its molecules
(d) All of above
12. Select the statement that agrees the kinetic molecular theory of gases choose which one is correct:
(a) Molecules of a gas suffer elastic collisions
(b) There are large number of molecules in a finite volume
(c) Molecules do not exert force except during collision
(d) All of the above
13 The expression for pressure exerted by an ideal gas is given by choose which one is correct:
(a) p=
(b) p=
(c) p=
(d) p=
14 Mean square velocity of gas molecules moving along x-direction is represented by choose which one is correct:
(a) <Vy2>
(b) <Vx2>
(c) <Vz2>
(d) None of these
15 The Boltzmann constant K in terms of universal gas constant R and Avogadro’s number NA is choose which one is correct:
(a) K = R/NA/
(b) K = NA/R
(c) K = No,/R
(d) None of these
16. The value of Boltzman gas constant K is choose which one is correct:
(a) 1.38 x 10-34 J.K-1
(b) 1.38 x 10-23 JK-1
(c) 1.38 x 10-32 J-K-1
(d) 1.38 x 10-27 J.K-1
17 Mercury is used as a thermometric substance because of one among the following choose which one is correct:
(a) It does not stick to glass
(b) Its specific heat is low
(c) Its expansion is uniform
(d) All of above
18 Fahrenheit scale was originally used in choose which one is correct:
(a) Meteorology
(b) Clinical thermometer
(c) Clinical thermometer and meteorology
(d) None of these
19 Mercury thermometer was constructed by choose which one is correct:
(a) Rutherford
(b) Ampere
(c) Lord Kelvin
(d) Einstein
20. The average translational kinetic energy of the molecules show itself in the form of choose which one is correct:
(a) Viscosity
(b) Density
(c) Velocity
(d) Temperature
21 At constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Charle’s law
(b) Boyle’s law
(c) Heat law
(d) None of these
22. At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Charle’s law
(b) Boyle’s law
(c) Heat law
(d) None of these
23. Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volume of all gases contains the
same number of kilo moles is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Charle’s law
(b) Boyle’s law
(c) Avogadro’s law
(d) Law of pressure
24 The mathematical form of an ideal gas laws is choose which one is correct:
(a) PV = nRT
(b) PT = nRv
(c) PV = nR
(d) TV = nRP
25 The value of universal gas constant R is choose which one is correct:
(a) 8314 J/mole-K
(b) 83.10 J/mole-K
(c) 8314 J/ K-mole K
(d) 8.314 J/K mole-K
26 The unit of pressure of gas is choose which one is correct:
(a) N/m
(b) Pascal
(c) Atmosphere
(d) All of these
27 Avogadro’s number is known as the number of molecules in choose which one is correct:
(a) One mole of a substance
(b) Total volume of a substance
(c) Unit volume of substance
(d) One kg of a substance
28 At constant pressure, the graph between volume and absolute temperature is choose which one is correct:
(a) Parabola
(b) Straight line
(c) Hyperbola
(d) None of these
29 At constant temperature, the graph between volume and pressure is choose which one is correct:
(a) Parabola
(b) Straight line
(c) Hyperbola
(d) None of these
30 For a gas obeying Boyle’s law if pressure is doubled, the volume of a gas becomes choose which one is correct:
(a) One half
(b) No change
(c) Double
(d) None of these
31 The Fahrenheit and Kelvin scale will have the same reading when temperature is choose which one is correct:
(a) 370°
(b) 574.250
(c) 414.50
(d) 388°
32 Mathematically Boyle’s law can be written as choose which one is correct:
(a) PV = Constant
(b) P/V = Constant
(c) V/P = Constant
(d) None of these
33 Mathematically, Charle’s law can be written as choose which one is correct:
(a) T.V = Constant
(b) V/T= Constant
(c) T/V = Constant
(d) None of these
34 A diatomic gas contains only choose which one is correct:
(a) Translational K.E
(b) Rotational K.E
(c) Vibrational K.E
(d) All of these
35 Boyle’s law is an example of choose which one is correct:
(a) Isothermal process
(b) Adiabatic process
(c) Mechanical process
(d) None of these
36 The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to choose which one is correct:
(a) Root mean square velocity of the molecules
(b) Mean square velocity of the molecules
(c) Mean velocity of the molecules
(d) None of these
37 Gas law PV’ = Constant is for choose which one is correct:
(a) Isothermal process
(b) Adiabatic process
(c) Isobaric process
(d) Iso choric process
38. The ratio of universal gas constant and Avogadro’s number is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Universal constant
(b) Boltzmann constant
(c) Equilibrium constant
(d) None of these
39. Which one of the following gases is the nearest approach to an ideal gas choose which one is correct:
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Hydrogen
(d) Carbon dioxide
40. Real gases strictly obey gas laws choose which one is correct:
(a) At high pressure and low temperature
(b) At low pressure and high temperature
(c) At high pressure and high temperature
(d) At low pressure and low temperature
41 Gas constant per molecule of the gas is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Rydberg’s constant
(b) Boltzmann’s constant
(c) Stefan’s constant
(d) Molar gas constant
42 If some quantity of water put in a shallow vessel allowed to evaporate, its temperature choose which one is correct:
(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Remains constant
(d) None of these
43 When we heat a substance the energy associated with its atoms / molecules is choose which one is correct:
(a) Increased
(b) Decreased
(c) Remains constant
(d) Becomes zero
44 When a substance is heated, then heat is converted into choose which one is correct:
(a) Internal energy
(b) Initial energy
(c) External energy
(d) Chemical energy
45 The internal energy of an ideal gas depends upon one among the following options choose which one is correct:
(a) Pressure
(b) Volume
(c) Temperature
(d) All of above
46. Work done by the system on its environment is considered as choose which one is correct:
(a) Zero
(b) Positive
(c) Negative
(d) None of these
47. Work done on the system by its environment is taken as choose which one is correct:
(a) Zero
(b) Positive
(c) Negative
(d) None of these
48. Which statement about internal energy is correct choose which one is correct:
(a) The internal energy of a system can be increased without transfer of energy by heating
(b) The internal energy of a system depends only on its temperature
(c) When the internal energy of a system is increased, its temperature always increased
(d) When two systems have the same internal energy, they must be at the same temperature
49 The sum of total energy of all the molecules of a substance is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Heat energy
(b) Efficiency
(c) Internal energy
(d) Power
50 The first law of thermodynamics is a special case of the choose which one is correct:
(a) Charle’s law
(b) Law of conservation of momentum
(c) Boyle’s law
(d) Law of conservation of energy
51 which principles which deals with the heat energy and its transformation into mechanical energy will be known as choose which one is correct:
(a) Laws of thermodynamics
(b) Law of conservation of mass
(c) Law of conservation of energy
(d) First law of thermodynamics
52 First law of thermodynamics is the restatement of choose which one is correct:
(a) Law of conservation of mass
(b) Law of conservation of energy
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
53 Mathematically the first law of thermodynamics can be expressed as choose which one is correct:
(a) Q =U + W
(b) Q=W-U
(c) Q = U – W
(d) W=Q+ U
54 In thermodynamics, the change in the internal energy depends upon choose which one is correct:
(a) The initial state of temperature only
(b) The final state of temperature only
(c) The initial and final states of the temperature
(d) None of these
55 The process under which the system undergoes a change of state at constant volume is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Adiabatic process
(b) Isothermal process
(c) Isochoric process
(d) Isobaric process
56 The process in which the pressure of a system remains constant is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Isochoric process
(b) Isobaric process
(c) Adiabatic process
(d) Isothermal process
57 The temperature of the system remains constant will be known as choose which one is correct:
(a) Isochoric process
(b) Isothermal process
(c) Adiabatic process
(d) Isobaric process
58 That process in which no heat enters or leaves the system will be known as choose which one is correct:
(a) Isochoric process
(b) Isothermal process
(c) Isobaric process
(d) Adiabatic process
59 Any thing which have distinct boundaries is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Environment
(b) System
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
60. Any thing which have no distinct boundaries is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Environment
(b) System
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
61. A system in which there is no transfer of mass and energy across the boundary is called choose which one is correct:
(a) An isolated system
(b) An open system
(c) A closed system
(d) None of these
62 A system in which there is no transfer of mass across the boundary is called choose which one is correct:
(a) An isolated system
(b) An open system
(c) A closed system
(d) None of these
63 In isothermal process choose which one is correct:
(a) U= W
(b) U=-W
(c) Q=U
(d) Q = W
64. In an adiabatic process choose which one is correct:
(a) Q = 0
(b) Q = W
(c) U =Q
(d) None of these
65. An isothermal process is represented by the mathematical equation choose which one is correct:
(a) P/T= Constant
(b) V/T = Constant
(c) PV = Constant
(d) PV = Constant
66 The expression PV’ = Constant holds good in choose which one is correct:
(a) Adiabatic process
(b) Isothermal process
(c) Isobaric process
(d) None of these
67. In an isothermal process, internal energy of the system choose which one is correct:
(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Remains constant
(d) None of these
68 The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kg of a substance through 1°C is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Specific heat
(b) Molar heat capacity
(c) Heat of fusion
(d) All of above
69. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 mole of a substance through 1 K is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Heat capacity
(b) Molar heat capacity
(c) Specific heat
(d) None of these
70. The difference between Cp and Cy is equal to choose which one is correct:
(a) Molar gas constant
(b) Boltzmann constant
(c) Universal gas constant
(d) None of these
71 The ratio for diatomic gas like air is choose which one is correct:
(a) 1.40
(b) 1.30
(c) 1.29
(d) 1.67
72 1 kilocalorie is equal to choose which one is correct:
(a) 1.17 watt-hour
(b) 117.0 watt-hour
(c) 11.7 watt-hour
(d) None of these
73 Mark the correct statement choose which one is correct:
(a) Specific heat of mono-atomic gases is greater than those of poly-atomic gases
(b) Specific heat of mono-atomic gases is less than those of poly-atomic gases
(c) Specific heat of mono-atomic gases is equal to those of poly-atomic gases
(d) None of these
74 The amount of heat energy required to evaporise one kg of a liquid at its boiling without change of temperature is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Heat of fusion
(b) Heat capacity
(c) Heat of vaporization
(d) Latent heat of vaporization
75 Specific heat of different substances varies because of choose which one is correct:
(a) Different K.E of molecules of unit mass
(b) Different number of molecules in unit mass
(c) Same number of molecules in unit mass
(d) Same K.E of molecules of unit mass
76 A process which can be retraced in reverse order without produces any change in the environment is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Irreversible process
(b) Reversible process
(c) Isothermal process
(d) Adiabatic process
77 A process which cannot be retraced in the reverse order is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Irreversible process
(b) Reversible process
(c) Isothermal process
(d) Isochoric process
78 Which one is the example of irreversible process choose which one is correct:
(a) Compton effect
(b) Melting ice
(c) Heat engine
(d) Work done against friction
79 Which one is the example of reversible process choose which one is correct:
(a) Compton
(b) Melting ice
(c) Heat engine
(d) Work done against friction
80 For diatomic gas Cv = 5R/2 herefore y for this gas is choose which one is correct:
(a) 35/4
(b) 5/7
(c) 4/35
(d) 7/5
81 For mono-atomic gas Cv = 3R/2 therefore y for this gas is choose which one is correct:
(a) 15/4
(b) 4/15
(c) 5/3
(d) 3/5
82 A device which convert heat energy into mechanical energy is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Heat engine
(b) Pettier engine
(c) Carnot engine
(d) All of above
83 An ideal heat engine has 100% efficiency only if its exhaust temperature is choose which one is correct:
(a) Less than input temperature
(b) Greater than input temperature
(c) Equal to input temperature
(d) OK
84 It is impossible for heat engine to convert all heat into useful work, the law called choose which one is correct:
(a) Second law of thermodynamics
(b) First law of thermodynamics
(e) Law of conservation of energy
(d) None of these
85 The statement, it is impossible for a self-acting machine, to transfer heat from a lower to higher temperature refers to choose which one is correct:
(a) First law of thermodynamics
(b) Law of conservation of mass
(c) Second law of thermodynamics
(d) None of these
86 When the temperatures of source and sink of a heat engine become equal, the entropy change will be choose which one is correct:
(a) Maximum
(b) Minimum
(c) Zero
(d) None of these
87 The efficiency of heat engine whose lower temperature is 17°C and the high temperature of 200°C is choose which one is correct:
(a) 35%
(b) 80%
(c) 90%
(d) 25%
88 The centigrade and Fahrenheit scales will have the same reading when the temperature is choose which one is correct:
(a) 70°
(b) -80°
(c) -40°
(d) 120
89 An engine which convert heat energy into useful work upto 35% to 40% is choose which one is correct:
(a) Petrol engine
(b) Heat engine
(c) Diesel engine
(d) Carnot engine
90. An engine which gives maximum efficiency is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Carnot engine
(b) Heat engine
(c) Petrol engine
(d) All of above
91. The temperature scale which is independent of the nature of the substance used in the thermometer is called choose which one is correct:
(a) Absolute or Kelvin scale
(b) Fahrenheit scale
(c) Centigrade scale
(d) Thermodynamics scale
92 In carnot engine at the end of the cyclic path, the temperature of working substance is choose which one is correct:
(a) Zero
(b) Less than initial temperature
(c) Greater than initial temperature
(d) Equal to initial temperature
93 If the temperature of the source increases, then the efficiency of carnot engine is choose which one is correct:
(a) Remains constant
(b) Increases
(c) Decrease
(d) None of these
94 The efficiency of carnot engine depend upon choose which one is correct:
(a) Sink temperature
(b) Source temperature
(c) Both source and sink
(d) The working substance
95 Carnot’s cycle is an example of choose which one is correct:
(a) Irreversible process
(b) Reversible process
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
96 Entropy is the measure of choose which one is correct:
(a) Disorder of the system
(b) Order of the system
(c) Internal energy
(d) Potential energy of the system
97. The number of spark plugs needed in the diesel engine is choose which one is correct:
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 0
(d) 4
98 Entropy of the universe is increasing due to choose which one is correct:
(a) Use of energy into work
(b) Depletion of ozone
(c) Power generation process
(d) All of above
99 The concept of entropy was introduced by the scientist choose which one is correct:
(a) R Clausius
(b) Newton
(c) Kelvin
(d) Carnot Sadi
100. No entropy change is associated with choose which one is correct:
(a) Isobaric process
(b) Isochoric process
(c) Isothermal process
(d) Adiabatic process
101. The petrol engine is based on the principle of choose which one is correct:
(a) Kelvin cycle
(b) Carnot cycle
(c) Clausius cycle
(d) Cyclic process
102. Four stroke petrol engine has the following process choose which one is correct:
(a) 1
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 3